Engineering plastic raw materials are a type of plastic with excellent properties such as high strength, impact resistance, and temperature resistance, which can replace metals for structural components. The core categories include general-purpose and high-performance types, which can meet the needs of different industrial scenarios.
1、 Core categories and applications
In the industrial field, the application of engineering plastics is concentrated in the following categories, covering the needs from basic structural components to high-end precision parts.
PA (polyamide, commonly known as nylon): It has high strength, wear resistance, and good toughness, but has strong moisture absorption. Commonly found in components such as gears, bearings, and automotive wiring harnesses that require fatigue resistance, they can also be used for automotive engine peripheral parts after being reinforced with fiberglass.
PC (polycarbonate): The light transmittance is close to glass, and it has good impact resistance and temperature resistance, balancing rigidity and toughness. Widely used in lampshades, baby bottles, phone cases, and electronic device panels that require transparency.
POM (Polyoxymethylene): Outstanding self-lubricating properties, high dimensional stability, and resistance to repeated friction and fatigue. Suitable for making small components such as zipper teeth, toy joints, precision gears, etc. that require high precision and wear resistance.
PBT (polybutylene terephthalate): Excellent weather resistance and electrical insulation, easily reinforced with glass fiber composites. Mainly used for electronic connectors, car bumper frames, and insulation components inside household appliances.
High performance category: such as PSU (polysulfone), which is resistant to acid and alkali corrosion, high temperature, and can be used in medical devices and chemical equipment; PEEK (polyetheretherketone) has a long-term temperature resistance of over 250 ℃ and is a key material in the aerospace and high-end medical fields, but its cost is relatively high.
2、 Classification and selection logic
Engineering plastics can be further divided according to their performance and processing methods, making it convenient for enterprises to select according to their needs.
1. Classified by performance: divided into general engineering plastics (PA, PC, POM, PBT, etc.) and high-performance engineering plastics (PSU, PEEK, etc.). The former has low cost and wide applicability, while the latter is designed for extreme environments and is the core material for high-end manufacturing.
2. Classified by processing modification: Most engineering plastics are modified by adding fiberglass, mineral powder, flame retardants, etc. For example, "fiberglass reinforced PA66" can improve strength, while "flame retardant PC/ABS alloy" balances impact resistance and fire resistance, which can better match the performance requirements of specific products.
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